The World’s Most Misunderstood Breed of Dogs Essay Example for Free

The World’s Most Misunderstood Breed of Dogs Essay At the point when numerous individuals see a pit bull or the variety is referenced they immediately generalization them as being forceful and tremendous monsters, this anyway isn't the situation as all! Pit bulls have been breed throughout the years as battling hounds. The proprietors have raised them to be amazingly rough and assault different pooches by rewarding them cruelly and preparing them to do as such at a youthful age. In any case, throughout the years individuals have unjustly generalized pit bulls on the grounds that their proprietors have prepared them to be rough. The main pooches that do are the ones that have been prepared to do as such by people. The people are the ones who have made this supposed â€Å"monstrous beast†. Pit bulls are the world’s most misjudged type of pooches that have been unjustly generalized against for a long time. It is a legend that pit bulls are hereditarily headed to murder individuals. â€Å"Dogs are not machines; they are living beings. Like every living being, a dog’s conduct is affected by both hereditary qualities and condition. How a pooch proprietor deals with their canine will decide if the canine turns into a risk to people. No pooch is driven altogether by hereditary qualities to assault individuals, and no canine variety has been made or reared into such an express, that all mutts of the variety are constrained to assault individuals. Canines that are raised as adored family pets don't execute people.† This announcement above completely depicts how not all pit bulls are forceful and how whenever raised appropriately they are astonishing pooches. This shows pit bulls can be forceful however that is simply because they have been raised in a situation that energized forceful conduct and were compensated for it by their proprietors. Likewise, as indicated by American Temperament Test Society the American Pit bull Terrier has an exceptionally high passing pace of 82.6%. This measurement shows that Pit bulls are acceptable tempered pooches and are not all forceful. The American Temperament Test Society additionally shows that the normal passing rate is 77%. This implies Pit bulls are better than expect ed with regards to personality contrasted with numerous different types of pooches. This equivalent source includes that Pit bulls are more averse to assault than a Rottweiler, German shepherd, or a Chow. This proof shows that a Pit bull is not any more forceful than some other canine. Pit bulls have been given an awful notoriety that they can't appear to shake. This notoriety has made this sort of canine be restricted in parts of the United States and the nation over. It is dismal realizing that there areâ other types of canines that are similarly prone to be forceful but then Pit bulls have been generalized as the most forceful variety of mutts. Numerous individuals have generalized the variety before they have ever experienced a Pit bull, I am really liable of this. Before I had ever interacted with a pit bull I thought they were normally forceful mutts and kid was I wrong. My sister’s sweetheart, Antonio, got a Pit bull and we as a whole chose to name her Coda Bear. She is the best canine ever and is not the slightest bit forceful. I have two Golden Retrievers and when Antonio brings Coda Bear over to play she is accommodating to one of my canines, Bailey. I would state th at Bailey is most likely more forceful than Coda Bear. As of late Coda Bear escaped her fenced yard and pooch into a canine battle. What's more, at the present time I am certain that the greater part of you are feeling that Coda Bear began it, yet this isn't the situation. Coda was assaulted by another canine and didn’t even ability to guard herself. She wound up in the medical clinic and had indentations all over her. The medical clinic naturally accepted that Coda had begun the battle and disclosed to Antonio that his pooch may must be put down in the event that they found that she was forceful. Subsequent to connecting with Coda at the medical clinic and doing a forceful test on her the emergency clinic found that Coda was not the slightest bit forceful. When assaulted by the other canine she didn't assault back, she basically took the maltreatment until the assault was separated by Antonio. Coda Bear recuperated rapidly and is her energetic cheerful self again that we as a whole know and love. At whatever point Coda sees somebody she doesn’t need to assault them; she simply needs to approach them and lick their face till it is sopping wet from every one of her kisses! My involvement in a Pit bull has demonstrated to me that Pit bulls are cherishing hounds that have been unjustly judged and generalized. Pit bulls were not brought into the world needing to hurt or even execute any creature or individual; they were prepared to do it. The proprietor made that forceful pooch, the canine didn't decide to be like this. Numerous individuals essentially overlook this and consequently accept that the variety itself is forceful, when it is actually the proprietors who train them to be like this. Additionally many Pit bulls are being euthanized when taken to a haven since they accept that they are forceful mutts and that nobody will need to embrace them. Pit bulls were initially known as â€Å"nanny dogs† in light of the fact that they were so incredible with kids and were open minded and cherishing. Since individuals started battling Pit bulls they have lost this notoriety. Ideally they will get this notoriety back on the grounds that they really meri t it; they are great pooches.

Questions on Law Remedies and Costs

Question: Portray about the Questions on Law for Remedies and Costs. Answer: An agreement is a guarantee or set of guarantees between two gatherings whereby one gathering vows to accomplish something in return of accepting thought from the other party. Such thought must have a monetary worth (Treitel and Peel, 2015). This makes a lawfully restricting agreement between the two gatherings. Such agreement is enforceable by law. An agreement can be in two structures, a composed and an oral (Department of State Development, 2016). A composed agreement is such an understanding where all the terms are composed and marked by the gatherings. An oral agreement be that as it may, doesn't have any such compositions. It is a unimportant trade of restricting words which are enforceable by law. An understanding, regardless of whether composed or oral, must be followed according to the terms. An agreement has certain components and these incorporate limit, goal, assurance, thought, offer and acknowledgment (Jacobs, 1985). As a matter of first importance, an offer must be made for an agreement and afterward such agreement must be unmistakably acknowledged by the other party. A simple counter offer doesn't frame an acknowledgment. An agreement needs to include a thought of monetary worth (Carter, 2007). Above all, a goal to go into the agreement hosts to be available in the gatherings in any case the entire reason for an agreement is lost. The gatherings to the agreement must be of legally binding ability. Furthermore, finally, an assurance with respect to the provisions of the agreement is basic to frame an enforceable agreement. In the current case, Richard and his dad went into an understanding whereby Richard needed to cut the family property and do a piece to keep the nurseries clean. Consequently, a thought of $200 was fixed which was to be paid by Richards father. The past nursery contractual worker was paid $350 for a similar activity. In any case, this doesn't negate the thought fixed for this situation. The gatherings to contract are allowed to fix the thought between them, as long as it has a monetary worth. Thus, for this situation, an offer was made, an acknowledgment was achieved and an appropriate thought was set making this an enforceable agreement (The Law Handbook, 2015). A goal to go into the agreement was available between the gatherings at the hour of development of the agreement (Frey and Frey, 2005). An assurance with respect to the particulars of the agreement was additionally present. Thus, this entire understanding was a legitimate and lawfully enforceable agreement among Richard and his dad. Following a month, Richards father revealed to him that he can't bear to pay Richard $200 per week. He further expressed that as a family, it was Richards duty to tend the nursery and furthermore, that Richard he getting free board and housing. Family understandings are generally not taken as lawfully official. Be that as it may, where clear proof is available in actuality, such understandings are official. In the acclaimed instance of Errignton V Errignton, it was held that a dads guarantee to permit his little girl in law and child to live in the house and at last own it, if the equalization of home loan was paid, was considered as an enforceable agreement (Australian Contract Law, 2010). Applying the judgment of this case in the matter of Richard and his dad, the understanding between them was an enforceable agreement. At the point when a gathering backpedals on its guarantee, whereupon the agreement was based, and the outcomes of such, bring about material mischief to the next gathering, the wronged party can guarantee harms by reasons of break of agreement. Here, Richard was a devastated college understudy and his dad was a mogul. On the off chance that Richard had not worked for his dad, he would have been working elsewhere and acquiring cash. Richard was not rich like his dad and required the cash as it was his wellspring of pay. This can be additionally clarified by taking the situation where the nursery temporary worker was all the while working for Richards father. In the event that the said garden contractual worker was all the while working in the nursery and doing assignments which Richard is currently doing according to the understanding, Richards father would have paid him $350 every week. This sum was about twofold to what Richards father was paying to Richard. It doesn't make a difference that Richards father was giving Richard free boarding and housing. Had Richard not been doing the nursery tending exercises, he would in any case have gotten such boarding and housing. In this way, this doesn't influence the understanding made among Richard and his dad in any capacity. The understanding among Richard and his dad was made for a specific reason for tending the nursery. The understanding no place expressed that free boarding and housing would be given in return of this work. Such terms were likewise not present in the understanding between Richards father and the nursery temporary worker. This further fortifies the way that free boarding and housing was not part of the understanding. For this situation, Richard has released his piece of the understanding by playing out the terms of agreement. Be that as it may, on Richards father section, a penetrate of agreement happened. Thus, Richard is qualified to harms because of material penetrate of agreement. Harms for penetrate of agreement are seen as an option for execution. Here, the loss of thought is material in nature and consequently, Richard would be effective in the event that he sued his dad for a break of agreement. He can guarantee harms of thought and separated from that he is additionally qualified for the psychological pain this entire episode caused (Australian Law Reform Commission, 2016). Further, Richard has the option to end this agreement. There is sufficient proof in the current case to demonstrate that an enforceable agreement was shaped. Also, by not following the provisions of the agreement, Richards father has set up a break of agreement. What's more, the legitimate cures in regards to such break is a reasonable lawful alternative accessible with Richard. 2. At the point when an on-screen character is recruited for any acting activity, they are normally required to sign an agreement with the business. This sets up the terms of agreement unmistakably and evacuates any odds of uncertainty in the agreement. Such acting agreements contain the business terms, the dates and hours, remuneration, selectiveness, marketing and advancement and exposure administrations (Atkinson, 2013). An eliteness term in as far as possible the on-screen characters option to participate in some other acting business. This can remember a forbiddance from showing up for different creations during or much after a specific timeframe. This term is a standard structure in acting agreements and is viewed as substantial. Further, eliteness isn't considered as a limitation to exchange and business. At the point when involved with an agreement, neglects to play out the provisions of the agreement, it is the situation of break of an agreement by such gathering (Lindgren, 2011). An agreement can be penetrated by reasons of inability to perform or inability to pay or infringement of some other term of agreement which is of material hugeness. As it were, the premise on which the agreement is made, a guarantee, isn't satisfied or broken. A break can be halfway or material or even expectant. A fractional break is an inability to play out those assignments which are insignificant or irrelevant. Except if genuine harm is appeared, a gathering can't sue the other party. In instances of material break of agreement, a significant infringement of noteworthy terms of agreement happens. A material penetrate of agreement can alleviate a bothered gathering from playing out his piece of agreement and gives him authoritative option to sue for harms (Gibson and Fraser, 2013). An expectant break of agreement results when one gathering quits acting in understanding to the terms of agreement which drives the other party to accept that the principal party has no expectation of satisfying the commitments. A distressed gathering can sue penetrate of agreement in type of harms, without really trusting that the break will happen (McKendrick and Qiao, 2015). At the point when a break of agreement happens, gathering can sue for harms and is additionally qualified for cures. Explicit execution is one of such cures accessible to a bothered gathering (Barnett and Harder, 2014). Explicit execution not accessible as an issue or right but rather must be granted at the circumspection of the court. Explicit execution is a request for the court which requires a gathering to play out specific assignments which are expressed in the agreement. It is delegated an evenhanded cure and is an option in contrast to granting harms. Evenhanded cures are granted by the court based on what is reasonable and what appears to be directly in a specific circumstance. Such cures are diverse for each situation and it isn't important to follow the previous cures granted or to adhere to the set up normal laws. These cures require tact of court with the goal that court can quantify all the parts of the case and afterward give the evenhanded equity to the oppressed party (Ayres and Klass, 2012). Fair cures are adaptable in nature and guarantee that every circumstance has its sufficient equity. It is significant that impartial cures are not utilized as regularly as the lawful cures (like harms). Impartial cures are granted just when the money related harms are either deficient to the mischief done to the abused party or are hard to compute. As expressed above, explicit execution is one of such cures accessible to a bothered gathering whereby he court can ask the breaking gathering to carry out the responsibilities referenced in the agreement. An order is likewise a type of evenhanded cure whereby a court forestalls a penetrating gathering from doing certain things (Clarke and Clarke, 2016). Thus, by granting a directive request, a court can arrange an individual to not accomplish something which would bring about misfortune to the wronged party. Orders are given as a cure toward the finish of any claim where a penetrate of agreement has been guaranteed. These are in the idea of lasting directive. Impermanent directives are granted for a shorter timeframe and are adequately right away. Such directives are generally granted before the beginning of a proper claim. In conclusion, a primer directive can likewise be granted by

Free Essays on Earth

The earth finishes its circle about the sun in 365 days 5 hr 48 min 46 secthe length of the sunlight based year. The moon goes through its stages in around 29 12 days; in this way, 12 lunar months (called a lunar year) add up to over 354 days 8 hr 48 min. The inconsistency between the years is unpreventable, and one of the serious issues since early days has been to accommodate and orchestrate sun oriented and lunar retributions. A few people groups have essentially recorded time by the lunar cycle, in any case, as ability in estimation created, the common figurings for the most part came to rely on a blend. The way that months and years can't be separated precisely by days and that the years can't be handily partitioned into months has prompted the gadget of intercalation (i.e., the addition of additional days or months into a schedule to make it progressively exact). The least difficult type of this is appeared in old schedules which have arrangement of months shifting back and forth somewhere in the range of 30 and 29 days, therefore showing up at mean a very long time of 29 12 days each. So also four years of around 365 14 days each can be approximated by taking three years of 365 days and a fourth year of 366. This fourth year with its intercalary day is the jump year. On the off chance that figurings are by the lunar cycle, the overflow of the sun oriented over the lunar year (365 more than 354) can be to some degree corrected by including an intercalary month of 33 days at regular intervals. Retribution of day and year was viewed as essential by numerous old people groups to decide consecrated days, to organize plans for the future, and to keep some clear record of the past. There were, along these lines, different endeavors to gcn mbn tvthgcvreconcile the include in sun powered, lunar, and semilunar schedules, from the Egyptians and the Greeks to the Chinese and the Maya. The overall current strategy for developing a schedule in the Christian West came initially from the Egyptians, who worked out an equation for the sun oriented year (a year of 30 days every, five additional days a year, and... Free Essays on Earth Free Essays on Earth The earth finishes its circle about the sun in 365 days 5 hr 48 min 46 secthe length of the sun oriented year. The moon goes through its stages in around 29 12 days; in this way, 12 lunar months (called a lunar year) add up to over 354 days 8 hr 48 min. The error between the years is unpreventable, and one of the serious issues since early days has been to accommodate and orchestrate sun based and lunar retributions. A few people groups have just recorded time by the lunar cycle, at the same time, as aptitude in estimation created, the common figurings for the most part came to rely on a mix. The way that months and years can't be partitioned precisely by days and that the years can't be effortlessly separated into months has prompted the gadget of intercalation (i.e., the addition of additional days or months into a schedule to make it increasingly exact). The most straightforward type of this is appeared in old schedules which have arrangement of months switching back and forth somewhere in the range of 30 and 29 days, consequently showing up at mean a long time of 29 12 days each. Likewise four years of around 365 14 days each can be approximated by taking three years of 365 days and a fourth year of 366. This fourth year with its intercalary day is the jump year. On the off chance that figurings are by the lunar cycle, the excess of the sun based over the lunar year (365 more than 354) can be to some degree redressed by including an intercalary month of 33 days like clockwork. Retribution of day and year was viewed as important by numerous antiquated people groups to decide consecrated days, to mastermind plans for the future, and to keep some coherent record of the past. There were, in this manner, different endeavors to gcn mbn tvthgcvreconcile the include in sun based, lunar, and semilunar schedules, from the Egyptians and the Greeks to the Chinese and the Maya. The common present day strategy for developing a schedule in the Christian West came initially from the Egyptians, who worked out an equation for the sun oriented year (a year of 30 days every, five additional days a year, and...

Homosexuality Within Masculinity in The Sun Also Rises - Literature Essay Samples

Often put off as a writer of supremely masculine literature, Earnest Hemingway has earned a top position in the literary canon of the modernist era. As a master of provocative understatement, Hemingway developed his reputation for addressing issues of gender and sexuality with prevailing themes of masculinity. Hemingways The Sun Also Rises is a prime example of these typical masculine undertones. The analytic examiner has no trouble locating readings that describe The Sun Also Rises, or any other Hemingway work, in this much acknowledged, male-dominated variety. What is an uncommon investigation is the homosexual themes borne into the novel. Specific characterizations and Hemingways subtle language, when interpreted properly, reveal the irony of homosexuality suppressed in masculinity.The novels protagonist and narrator, Jake Barnes, embodies the simplest, most obvious homosexual characterization. As a soldier in World War I, Jakes was involved in an accident as Hemingway descr ibes it, that leaves him impotent. Jakes physical impotence renders him unable to perform any sexual act. This becomes a metaphor for Jakes mental impotence; homosexuality that would forbid him from engaging in sexual acts with any woman. We see Jake expressing a certain frustration over his impotence in the way individuals, especially during the 1920s, would find themselves outcast, or at least separated from the social norm. His impotence and metaphoric homosexuality are qualities that he keeps in the dark. These are qualities that he is ashamed of. Jake and Brett discuss war wounds with Count Mippipopolous who proudly displays the arrow wounds he received in Abyssinia: And I have got arrow wounds. Have you ever seen arrow wounds? (Hemingway, 61) Jakes war wounds, although more brutal and impressive, remain an undiscovered, shameful part of Jake. Thus, the battle wounds that are often considered a very masculine aspect of the novel become a representation of Jakes metapho ric, understated homosexuality.Considering a subject such as homosexuality makes the character Brett a fascinating one to contemplate. Both Jake and Robert Cohn find themselves directing great amounts of effort toward winning the love of this odd character. The most heterosexual action of both of these men becomes the clearest example of their symbolic homosexuality. It is arguable that Cohn and Jake have fallen in love with the most masculine character in the novel. To state the most glaring detail, Brett has a typically male name. During one of their earliest encounters that we see, Jake describes Brett as damned good looking, but goes on to describe her as having hair that is done like a boys and being built with curves like the hull of a racing yacht. (Hemingway, 22) Aside from Jakes manly description of Bretts handsome qualities, we find that Brett conducts herself in a very male way. She refers to herself and her male friends as chaps. Greeting them with a hearty Hello, you chaps, and presumptuously declaring, Never going to get tight anymore. I say, give a chap a brandy and soda. (Hemingway, 21-22) So aside from looking like a man, and talking like a man, Brett also drinks like a man. Of Brett, literary critic Leslie Fielder writes, she is presented not as an animal or as a nightmare but quite audaciously as a goddess, the bitch-goddess with boyish bob (Hemingway is rather fond of women who seem as much as boy as girl), the Lilith of the 20s. (Fielder, 89) Fielder describes Bretts male personality further, quoting a line from her: He wanted me to grow my hair out. Me, with long hair. Id look so like Hell. He said it would make me look more womanly. Id look a fright. (Fielder, 89) Along with being boyish, Fielder introduces a new term to the character of Brett. This idea of the bitch-goddess is certainly one that would have appeal to the homosexual inclination being expressed in Cohn and Jake. The notion of a goddess of beauty, power, and m asculinity is exactly the type of deity that would be most appealing according to Hemingways homosexuals.Near the beginning of the novel, Jake finds himself at a dance where Brett arrives with a group of gay men. As they enter Jake notes The policeman standing by the door looked at me and smiled. (Hemingway, 20) Here, Hemingway identifies the common sarcastic attitude toward the gay populace and the discriminatory manner with which they are viewed. Jakes reaction to their dancing provokes a number of possible interpretations. Jake reflects: Somehow they always made me angry. I know they are supposed to be amusing, and you should be tolerant, but I wanted to swing on one, any one, anything to shatter that superior, simpering composure. (Hemingway, 20) It could, obviously, be simple jealousy bringing about these feelings of anger. Jake feels threatened by their superior, simpering composure and is motivated by the primal instinct to do harm to the cause of his frustration. It is not unreasonable to think that Jake would feel threatened by these men who still possess their potency. However, it is not reasonable for us to imagine that Jake should feel jealous toward a group of gay men concerning the woman he is in love with. What is more likely is the recurrence of Jakes frustration toward his own sexual impotence. Jake is all too familiar with the situation that these men have found themselves in. Like the men, Jake has all the qualities of personality that Brett seeks in a lover. However, with Jake, as with the group of men, Brett has no intention of ever consummating that love. As she puts it later, Yes. Arent I? [sober] And when ones with the crowd Im with, one can drink in such safety, too. (Hemingway, 22) Jakes aggression toward the homosexuals is merely reflected upon his own state of dissatisfaction with himself. So again, the masculine aggression that is typical of Hemingway becomes another vestige of veiled homosexuality.The concept of the b itch-goddess becomes an idea revisited with Cohns ex-fiance, Frances. When Cohn decides that he cannot marry Frances (a woman with a slightly less masculine name than Brett), she releases onto him a torrent of sarcastic insults including his emotional nature, significant of his metaphoric homosexuality: Dont have scenes with your young ladies. Try not to. Because you cant have scenes without crying, and then you pity yourself so much you cant remember what the other persons said. (Hemingway, 50) All throughout her torment Cohn remains fairly silent, letting the insults sink in, interrupting only once to tell her to shut up. Cohns emotional, submissive nature combined with his violent past as a champion boxer further supports the idea of the manly homosexual.Hemingway does go beyond the idea of the homosexual within masculinity, and presents the plausibility of a paradise free of women. This idea will become more significant further on. The Spanish bullfighter Pedro Romero beco mes a tool of Hemingways description of sex. The final moments of his bullfight are to be considered the climactic moments of intercourse. Backman writes:as their swords go all the way in, the men leaning afterthe men become one with the bull, united for a single instant by death. This is the moment of truth. It is an intense, almost an ecstatic, moment of communion, involving an abnegation of self before the final merging. The only other experience analogous to this in Hemingways work is sexual union. (Backman, 249)Backman writes in reference to the passage concerning Romeros slaughter of the bull: his left shoulder went forward between the horns as the sword went in, and for just an instant, he and the bull were one (Hemingway, 218) This passage, indeed, describes a very sexual insinuation: the sword being a very phallic device penetrating the bull causing them to be one. This is an accurate representation of Hemingways take on the purpose of women, and the etiquette of sex. The bullfight was simple. The bullfight was begun as simply as it ended and without the trials associated with relationships. It is perhaps a cynical comment on behalf of Hemingway to suggest that a successful sexual relationship is attainable, but only with a bull, rather than with a woman.Romero had had his face beaten by Cohn the day before the bullfight, and it is not unreasonable to suggest that it is because of the meddlesome nature of women that he endured the fight. We notice Romero cleansing himself of his female-inflicted wounds during his bullfight: The fight with Cohn had not touched his spirit but his face had been smashed and his body hurt. He was wiping all that out now. Each thing that he did with this bull, wiped that out a little cleaner. (Hemingway, 219) The simplicity of man and beast in a world free of women cleanses the mind of Romero. Again, the union of a great man and a great male beast brought together in a sexually cleansing experience negates the masculinity of the whole situation, and instead creates homoerotic innuendo.The fishing trip to Burguette with Bill and Jake provides further evidence of the whimsical paradise of men without women. Fielder puts the fishing trip quite eloquently: What Hemingways emphasis on the ritual murder of fish conceals is that it is not so much the sport as the occasion for immersion which is essential to the holy marriage of males. Water is the symbol of the barrier between the Great Good Place and the busy world of women. (Fielder, 92) It is here, in a place free of women, amidst the natural, simplistic state of things that Bill and Jake are allowed to be perfectly honest. Bill tells Jake, Listen. Youre a hell of a good guy, and Im fonder of you than anybody on Earth. I couldnt tell you that in New York. Itd mean I was a faggot. (Hemingway, 116) The manly pursuit that is fishing becomes a time for Bill to admit his tender, manly, love for his friend Jake.The understated themes of Hemi ngways literature are highly self-interpretable. It stands to reason, though, in the spirit of irony that a brilliant author like Earnest Hemingway would use themes like fishing, bullfighting, and beautiful, promiscuous women to promote the values of homosexuality.Works CitedBackman, Melvin, Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified, Hemingway and His Critics, New York: Hill and Wang, 1966.Fielder, Leslie, Men Without Women Hemingway, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1962.Hemingway, Earnest, The Sun Also Rises, New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1954.

Holocaust The Role Of Wealth And Nationality - 870 Words

Marnix Croes groundbreaking study entitled, Holocaust Survival Differentials in the Netherlands, 1942-1945: The Role of Wealth and Nationality thoroughly entails the brutal persecution of roughly 140,000 Jews in the Netherlands during the Germans attempt to kill a majority of the Jewish population throughout Europe. Marnix Croes is a researcher at the Ministry of Justice in the Netherlands. He frequently writes about the genocide that took place back in the early 1940s. This article discusses how wealth and nationality played a key role in withstanding the persecution from Germans for an extended period during the Holocaust era as opposed to a traditional Jew. The two elements were essential for the Nazi in deciding when and where the Jews would be sent to meet their excruciating death. However, those of the highest socioeconomic status were ironically sent to camp Wester Bork transit camp after the Jews of the lowest socioeconomic status. This analysis goes against the usual assumption that having a higher social status would provide a chance to survive at a better rate. Evasion through hiding was also a route Jews could embark on in that would allow a better chance of survival. However, this article presents statistical evidence that shows a survival rate similar for those who chose to the hideout and for those who did not. The deportation of the Jews to Westerbork was often evaded through the obtainment of an exemption. These exemptions meant not hing because theyShow MoreRelatedAnti Semitism And The Jewish Population1304 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieved to have substantial influences in financial markets as well as the business world. They are considered to be extremely frugal, stingy people who manipulate the economy into becoming financially successful. Also, Jews are assumed to possess a wealth of control over the public in the both the media and the government. 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It is also aimed at examining the role of government, the United Nations the World Bank, the NGOs, the Foreigners, Immigrants, in the cultural integration process. Finally, it is to examine the constraints and consequences of cultural integration, since the long-term results are leavingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagestheir situation within the domestic sphere and the conditions under which they labored to expand the career opportunities available to them at different times and in diverse settings. She places special emphasis on the important but often overlooked roles they played in politics, particularly those associated with resistance movements, and their contributions to arts and letters worldwide. Drawing on the essay collections and series on women in world history that she has edited over the past decade

Blakes The Marriage of Heaven and Hell Essay - 2511 Words

Blakes The Marriage of Heaven and Hell The Nature of my Work is Visionary or Imaginative; it is an Endeavor to Restore what the Ancients calld the Golden Age. -William Blake (Johnson/Grant,xxiv). William Blake completed the manuscript of The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, as well as the twenty-five accompanying engraved plates, in 1792. In the sense that the The Marriage of Heaven and Hell is a vision of a particular version of reality, it subscribes to one definition of the mythic, but also fulfills another as Birenbaum writes in Tragedy and Innocence: ...on a more specialized level...true myth...suggests a penentration to the essential nature of human experience, made by conspicuously violating features†¦show more content†¦Blake uses traditional symbols of angels and devils, animal imagery, and especially images of fire and flame to: 1) set up a dual world, a confrontation of opposites or contraries which illustrate how the rules of Reason and Religion repress and pervert the basic creative energy of humanity, 2) argues for apocalyptic transformation of the self through the radical regeneration of each persons own power to imagine (Johnson/Grant, xxiv), and 3) reconstructs Man in a new image, a fully realized Man who is both rational and imaginative, partaking of his divinity through creativity. The form of the poem consists of The Argument, expositions on his concepts of the contraries and of expanded perception which are both interspersed with Memorable Fancies that explicate and enlarge on his expositions, and concludes with A Song of Liberty, a prophecy of a future heaven on earth. Without Contraries is no progression. Attraction and Repulsion, reason and Energy, Love and Hate, are necessary to Human existence. From these contraries spring what the religious call Good Evil. Good is the passive that obeys Reason. Evil is the active springing from Energy. Good is Heaven. Evil is Hell. (MHH, pp. 66-7) One of the main themes of The Marriage of Heaven and Hell is the confrontation of the grand oppositions of orthodox Christian doctrine: Heaven and Hell, good and evil,Show MoreRelatedRomantic Characteristics in Blakes The Marriage of Heaven and Hell525 Words   |  3 Pagestime period. One of his most controversial works, â€Å"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell† explores three of the most prominent romantic themes in his works: the battle between good and evil, the presence of the supernatural and an affinity for nature. Most likely inspired by Emanuel Swedenborg’s â€Å"Heaven and Hell†, Blake used common romantic symbolism to demonstrate the prophetic meanings of the pieces in the book. In â€Å"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell†, Blake alludes to the idea that, â€Å"Attraction and RepulsionRead MoreRomanticism in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by William Blake1393 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism in William Blakes Poem William Blake was a poet, painter, and a printmaker all during the period in literature known as the Romantic time period. The Romantic time period, also known in Literature as Romanticism began in Europe, mainly France and Britain around the 1800s (Barker) and it was first defined as a tool to in literature and literary criticisms (Galitz). The Romantic period did not just focus on literature, but also on the subjects of art and knowledge which was fueledRead MoreThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesThe Marriage of Heaven Hell William Blake The Romantic Period We, as members of the human race, have been endowed with five senses. We have the ability to reason and to be reasonable. We are able to present, receive, and mentally process information logically. The period in history when the importance of these innate functions was stressed is known as the Age of Reason, or the Enlightenment. Also important to this age was the use of science, scientific methods, and theories. This periodRead MoreThe Marriage Of Heaven And Hell By William Blake1300 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, William Blake explored and solidified his divergent religious beliefs through beautiful etchings and poetry. Blake had relatively nothing at stake in his opposition to the norm; he had been judged as an insane person for the majority of his life. However, Blake’s resistance to traditional Christian tenets was only part of his socioreligious defiance. Blake spoke against the very mode of popular thought through his writing, a revolution ary style of prose and nontraditionalRead MoreThe Life and Work of William Blake Essay601 Words   |  3 Pagesin order that we can better understand him. This paper will sight some of Blake’s works but will focus on 1The Marriage Between Heaven and Hell. Blake, being self-taught artisan, was thoroughly intrigued by the Bible and the Works of Milton. Blake’s major works attempt to create a modern myth of the World, as we know it. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to help us, the readers, to view that myth through Blake’s eyes. William Blake was born in London, England on November 28, 1757, andRead More The Marriage of Heaven and Hell Essay2342 Words   |  10 PagesThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell Although many of the Romantic poets displayed a high degree of anxiety concerning the way in which their works were produced and transmitted to an audience, few, if any, fretted quite as much as William Blake did. Being also a highly accomplished engraver and printer, he was certainly the only one of the Romantics to be able to completely move beyond mere fretting. Others may have used their status or wealth to exert their influence upon the production process,Read MoreEssay on Biography of William Blake1631 Words   |  7 Pagesagainst both the Church and the State. Blake was a Dualist, believing the earth is broken up into two; good and evil, Heaven and Hell. He was a visionary and was known to many as a modern-day prophet (in class). Blake’s visions influenced his writing later on in his life. Additionally, he was homeschooled for the better part of his childhood, which shaped him as a person. William Blake’s family life and personal beliefs influenced his substa ntial body of work. William Blake was born in Soho DistrictRead More The Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesThe Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Northrop Frye, in his critical essay, Poetry and Design, states; In a world as specialized as ours, concentration on one gift and a rigorous subordination of all others is practically a moral principle (Frye 137). William Blakes refusal to follow this moral principle by putting his poetry before his art, or vice versa, makes his work extraordinary as well as complex and ambiguous. Although critics attempt to juggle Blakes equally impressive talentsRead MoreWilliam Blake was born in London on November 28, 1757 to James and Catherine Blake. His father,1600 Words   |  7 Pageshis father bought for him â€Å"(Early Years†). James and Catherine supported and encouraged Blake’s artistic ability and enrolled him in Henry Par’s drawing school in the Strand when Blake was 10 years old, there he first started writing poetry (Harris 5). He enjoyed the works of Shakespeare, Jonson and Spenser and ancient ballads as opposed to current literature at the time (â€Å"The You ng Artist†). Some of Blake’s favorite artists ranged from Raphael, Michelangelo, Giulio Romano, Albrecht Dà ¼rer, and MaertenRead MoreWhat Are the Salient Features of Blake’s Poetry?843 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the salient features of Blake’s poetry? Of all the romantic poets of the eighteenth century, William Blake (1757-1827) is the most independent and the most original. In his earliest work, written when he was scarcely more than a child, he seems to go back to the Elizabethan song writers for his models; but for the greater part of his life he was the poet of inspiration alone, following no man’s lead, and obeying no voice but that which he heard in his own mystic soul. Though the most

Lincoln Electric Case free essay sample

Lincoln Electric Company in the year 1895. The first products that the company produced and sold were electric motors that he had designed himself. A Few years later, in 1907 his brother James, a recently graduate from the Ohio State University, joined as a senior manager; He was also the one who would introduce different and very innovative human resource policies over the next few decades. These policies included things like employee stock ownership, the creation of an Employee advisory board, as well as piecework pay. Most of these ideas were later adapted as standard US wide practices. The Welding business, which not really was one of the main focuses of the Lincoln Electric Company, became the main source of income by 1922. Welding which a special technique of -under heat bringing together different sources of metals. It is used for basically most of the industrial areas, from pipeline manufacturing to petrochemical complexes. From 1986 onwards, the company pursued a course of extensive internationally expansion. We will write a custom essay sample on Lincoln Electric Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This was started already way earlier in 1933 first, with the establishment of the Lincoln Electric Company in Australia and in 1953 with its expansion to France. However, from the mid 1980s onwards, Lincoln Electric expanded its manufacturing operations into 16 countries. This expansion peaked in 1995, when the company reached the $1 billion in sales the first time. It was also the year Lincoln began to trade its shares on the American stock market the NASDAQ. By 2005 it became the worlds leading manufacturer in the welding industry. Nowadays, (Dec. 31 2010) Lincoln Electric has net sales of $ 2,070 million. Why go abroad? As the Lincoln Electric Company’s idea and concept proved to be successful in the US from the 1930s onwards, it also operated outside of the country. Due to its success in its home market, the companies’ management was able to first gain enough market knowledge in order to enter new markets were a certain proficiency is required. Nevertheless, as markets and industries around the world differ in to each other (e. g.consumer tastes) the best idea was for Lincoln Electronic to first enter a market were the so-called â€Å"Psychic Distance† is not so high and less uncertainty. Therefore Australian was chosen, as this is psychological wise not so far from the Home / US American market. This phenomenon can be seen in the Uppsala Model. It includes four different steps, from first acquiring experience in the home market to wholly owned international operations. This will be explained in more detail later. However, as we can see in the Lincoln Electric case, the company first gain sufficient knowledge in their home market and later expanded internationally. But step by step further away (political, language and culture wise) from its home market. Uppsala Model Looking at the process of internationalization of Lincoln Electric, most of the facets of the Uppsala Model can be identified. So, this entry mode theory is most applicable in our opinion. In this section, we will elaborate upon the internationalization of Lincoln Electric while applying the stages of the Uppsala model. During the first stage companies tend to solely gain experience of their domestic markets. In the case of Lincoln Electric, it can be stated that it mainly focused on becoming the leading manufacturer in the United States. Core competencies are most important for the success of an MNE and for all companies those core competencies are their higher-order firm specific advantages (FSA’s). In this first stage of the Uppsala Model we will try to recognize all the FSA’s of Lincoln Electric. The first FSA is the company’s human resource policy, in which many facets can be recognized that provide productivity advances and which results in a variability of 60 percent of the personnel costs. Those facets are performance-based rewards, employee stock ownership, a piecework payment system, and bonuses based on company profits. Another FSA is that the company cuts costs in acquiring personnel, and simultaneously keeps holding a very well experienced and integrated workforce by building trust among the employees with policies like an employee advisory boards, employee suggestion systems, annuities for retired employees, group life insurances, and a no-layoff policy. The third recognized FSA is the company’s RD program; this program is the most aggressive, comprehensive and successful in the welding industry. This FSA led the company in new market introductions and quality performance. Fourthly, an important FSA for consumer relations is the ability to provide full welding solutions. The company is able to provide this due to the fact that it manufactures both arc welding equipment and consumable products. Summarized, the core competencies which provide the company with competitive advantages are the ability to cut personnel costs, the highly trained technical sales force, and the ability to provide excellent service for customers. The second stage in the Uppsala model states that the firm begins to operate abroad in a nearby market, and then slowly penetrates far away markets. When applying this to Lincoln Electric, it can be seen that the company encountered its first international experience in countries such as Canada, Australia and France in the 1940’s. These countries have a small psychic distance from the United States, therefore, the market uncertainty is perceived as low. Canada, Australia and France are psychically nearby, because issues with regard to trade unions, labour practices and laws are treated similarly in those countries. Furthermore, Canada and Australia are linguistically similar to the United States, and all the previous countries are western countries, so the cultures are not significantly different. Lincoln Electric started its first major international expansion between 1986 and 1992. It then increased its presence into 15 other countries, which were acquisitions in Venezuela, Mexico, Brazil, Scotland, Norway, the UK, the Netherlands, Spain, and Germany. However, this expansion was a real failure, the company faced difficulties due to executives’ inexperience with trade unions and their lack of knowledge of labour practices and laws in other countries. The company’s aim was namely to operate the new acquisition in Lincoln USA’s image, however they learned from this experience and as can be seen in stage four, their renewed global expansion is much more improved. The third stage of the Uppsala model states that companies tend to enter markets through export, instead of using sales or manufacturing subsidiaries of their own. However, this does not suit Lincoln Electric due to the fact that it is too costly to ship welding products because of their weight. It was for Lincoln Electric and other companies in the welding industry essential to set up a local or regional production facility. Therefore, Lincoln Electric had to instantly set up sales or manufacturing subsidiaries of their own without starting with solely exporting. In the fourth stage it is said that a company establishes wholly owned or majority-owned operations only after several years of experience. This can also be recognized as being the case with Lincoln’s internationalization. In 1996 their renewed globalization strategy started. This is characterized by many joint-ventures, acquisitions and start-ups over the world. Between 1996 and 2004, many expansions have been completed. At the end of this expansion period, the company tried to gain majority or wholly ownership in many of their acquisitions and joint-ventures, because they experienced that they could not fully control their operations in the way they wanted it. Attractiveness of India One of the most significant questions in the global strategy field is how multinational firms should navigate their way through multiple and often conflicting host-country institutional environments (Ghoshal and Westney 1992, Morgan et al. 2001). This is no different for Lincoln Electric who faced some problems while expanding overseas. When crossing borders, opportunity is mostly the driving force behind the expansion. Between 1986 and 1991, Lincoln took on unprecedented debt in order to finance foreign acquisitions, mostly in Europe. They initially had a lack of international management skill, and did not take into consideration local environment in each country when expanding globally. This was caused because not all of their firm specific advantages (FSA’s) where as transferable as they had hoped. For instance the incentive system that works very well in the U. S. did not work in European countries with different working environment and ethics. Lincoln had already tried to penetrate the Asian market before landing its eye on the India. Theoretically, a country will be attractive to a foreign investor if, in investing in that country, the investor gets a return that is equal to or higher than their risk-adjusted weighed cost of capital. (Urkude and Seshanna 2008) So how attractive is India for Lincoln Electric. With assessing a countries attractiveness two main categories can be distinguished: Country Risks, Market Opportunities and Industry Opportunities. For Lincoln there is only one country risk which is corruption, for the rest India is a stable, fast growing country with a solid political system. World Map Index of perception of corruption 2009i However there are a number of market opportunities. India’s infrastructure is still underdeveloped, and therefore demand for welding products is increasing with the upcoming construction and infrastructure activity in the next couple of years. Import sales to India were up by double digits in 2006, driven mostly by orders from the pipe mill and pipeline sector, and more recently from the automotive sector. (Lincoln Electric annual report 2008) The growth of the welding industry is similar to the growth of the entire economy of the particular country, and for this reason India makes an attractive opportunity. As seen in the graph below India’s GDP has grown dramatically over the last couple of years, and it is expected the welding industry will grow among these lines as well. India’s market is quickly growing as shown in the graph on the right. Not only the population but also GDP and exports. And the one below shows that the industry sector is coming on as well. For this reason the welding industry will benefit from the economic growth and be in the lift as a lot of these new construction projects require welding consumables. Industry opportunities lie in India as well, as demand for steel declined all over the world, it grew in India by as much as ten percent. (Frost and Sullivan 2010) But India is also a highly competitive market as 56 percent of welding consumables were being produced by large firms that had developed their own technology and 44 percent was being produced by a number of small firms that immediately tried to copy the large firms, as soon as their product became available on the market. So for Lincoln to be successful, they would have to keep innovating their products and make it hard for others to copy their products. Another point of interest is that with the welding market booming, a high price would have to be paid if Lincoln would want to enter the market by acquisition. This making it difficult for new entries in the market, but the two other options which are a joint venture and building an own factory are as much appealing as an acquisition. Lincoln already had some experience with joint ventures in China, but had trouble with the joint decision making that came with it. And with building their own factory they would have to weigh off the benefit off total control towards the starting up costs of the factory. The Indian government had also granted some fiscal and financial incentives by setting up tax-free zones and increasing the foreign direct investment (FDI) percentage in the aviation and real estate sector, which could generate a high demand for welding equipment. Overall it can be said that India is a very attractive market for Lincoln Electronic if they can get into the market either via acquisition, a joint venture or by building their own factory. Advice for Management The advice we would give the managers from Lincoln Electric, to help them to continue enhancing their market share and improve their geographical dominance in the welding industry is to acquire a smaller welding company. An option, which Lincoln Electric should consider is the case of ESAB, as, mentioned in the case â€Å"In 2000, ESAB had agreed to be purchased by Lincoln Electric for 750 million plus the assumption of $300 million in ESAB’s debt. Yet Lincoln Electric decided that same year not to go forward with the acquisition after antitrust and other issues arose in the due diligence process. † Even though these plans fell through, Lincoln Electric should reconsider purchasing ESAB, since it represents 75% of revenues of its parent company Charter, which is European- based company with a large global presence. ESAB India, which is part of ESAB, is also one of the main competitors of Lincoln Electric in India. Therefore, if Lincoln Electric could dissolve the antitrust problems and other problems that arose in the due diligence process, they will be able to acquire ESAB and to double their market share. To enforce the market share dominance of Lincoln Electric globally, an acquisition with a company like ESAB would be economically profitable. Analyzing the graph below, an acquisition with Lincoln Electric and a smaller company would create a welding market dominance. This will result in other competitors being left with a smaller market share due to a much larger dominating competitor. In this case, Lincoln Electric has the opportunity to purchase ESAB or another smaller welding company due to the high profits from the profitable US market. Because of that opportunity we would advice them to purchase and expand by means of increasing their market share by purchasing a competing company.

Shila Gonsalves Essays - Cancer, RTT, Medicine, Colorectal Cancer

Shila Gonsalves Eng 102 Professor Streeter Essay #3 Colon Cancer C ancer is a malignant disease that is widespread nowadays . It can potentially up shoot anywhere in the body with no unique warning signs. A sufferer might come to kn ow at a very later stage that they have got cancer . There may well be a chance that he or she is warned way before the disease reaches the stage where it can not be treated. All this is a matter of luck rather than anything else. C ancer can occur in many forms for example liver cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer etc. In short a cancerous tissue can form anywhere in the body. We will focus on colon cancer in this essay. Colon cancer or colorectal cancer is a cancer , which occurs in rectum. The colon is known as the large intestine o r large bowel and t he rectum connects the colon to the anus . If colon cancer is diagnosed at an early stage it can be cured through chemotherapy or surgical treatment however that i s only possible if it spreads in t o the near by lymp h nodes. The American Cancer society stated that colon cancer is one of the main reasons of deaths in America . U nlike breast c ancer or cervical cancer, which a ffects women only , colon cancer can a ffect men and women alike, irr espective of class, race or eth nicity . Despite this it has been seen that it i s more common in men than in women. Colon cancer s ymptoms are simply the apparent changes that one can notice. Many colon cancer patients do not notice any visible change how ever there are few thi ngs that indicate if a person is affect ed by this disease. F or example , according to Cappell (2008), a person might feel abdominal p ain and tenderness in the lower abdomen . D iarrhea or constipation may also be one of the symptoms but many patients tend to ignore such symptoms as these may be caused by food poisoning or not eating enough fibrous food. H owever if the blood comes in the stool or the re is a constant weight loss or intestinal obstruction then the se symptoms are often taken relatively seriously by the people. In almost all cases as stated in Lieberman (2009) , with proper screening , doctors can detect colon cancer before symptoms develop. T he doctor will simply perform a physical test, he or she will press the belly or abdomen and if t he y feel a mass then t he y will c onfirm doubts through fecal occult blood test (FOBT), this test can detect small amounts of blood in the stool but t he loop hole here is that it can also come negative for pati ents who do have colon cancer thus for this reason it must be done along with colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy ( these are the imaging tests that show the entire colon). I f these tests show that a person has colorectal cancer then the doctor s further confirm it through a CT or MRI scan of the abdomen and pelvic area. S ometimes the docto r might also get a CT scan of brain and chest to see how far the cancer has spread and at until which stage the cancer has matured . " C olon cancer is divided into 5 stages; stage 0 is the early stage where it only affects the inner most layer of the intestine and the first stage affects the inner layer . By the end of stage three, the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and fifth stage is where it has affected the other organs ( the chance of survival at thi s stage is very less). " T he kind of treatment given to the patient depends upon the stage of cancer the person is going through. G enerally there are three kinds of treatments ; surgery, radiation therapy and chemo therapy. S urgery means removing the cancerous cell through an operation. I t is more often

Group Areas Act No. 41 of 1950

Group Areas Act No. 41 of 1950 On April 27, 1950, the Group Areas Act No. 41 was passed by the apartheid government of South Africa. As a system, apartheid used long-established race classifications to maintain the dominance of the colonial occupation of the country. The primary purpose of apartheid laws was to promote the superiority of whites and to establish and elevate the minority white regime. A suite of legislative laws was passed to accomplish this, including Group Areas Act No. 41, as well as the Land Act of 1913, the Mixed Marriages Act of 1949 and the Immorality Amendment Act of 1950: all of these were created to separate the races and subjugate nonwhite people. South African race categories were set up within a few decades after the discovery of diamonds and gold in the country during the mid-19th century: native-born Africans (Blacks, but also called kaffirs or Bantu), Europeans or European-descended (Whites or Boers), Asians (Indians) and mixed raced (Coloured). The 1960 South African census showed that 68.3% of the population were African, 19.3% were White, 9.4% Coloured, and 3.0% Indian. Restrictions of the Group Areas Act No. 41 The Group Areas Act No 41 forced physical separation and segregation between races by creating different residential areas for each race. Implementation started in 1954 when people were first forcibly removed from living in wrong areas, leading to the destruction of communities. The Act also restricted ownership and the occupation of land to groups as permitted, meaning that Africans could neither own nor occupy land in European areas. The law was also supposed to apply in reverse, but the result was that land under black ownership was taken by the government for use by whites only. The government set aside ten homelands for relocated non-white residents, mostly scattered bits of unwanted territories, based on ethnicity among the black communities. These homelands were granted independence with limited self-rule, the main purpose of which was to delete the homeland residents as citizens of South Africa, and cut back on the governments responsibility for providing housing, hospitals, schools, electricity, and water supplies. Implications However, the Africans were a significant economic source in South Africa, in particular as a labor force in the cities. Pass Laws were established to require non-whites to carry passbooks, and later reference books (similar to passports) to be eligible to enter the white parts of the country. Workers hostels were established to accommodate temporary workers, but between 1967 and 1976, the South African government simply stopped building homes for Africans at all, leading to severe housing shortages. The Group Areas Act allowed for the infamous destruction of Sophiatown, a suburb of Johannesburg. In February 1955, 2,000 policemen began removing Sophiatown residents to Meadowlands, Soweto and established the suburb as an area for whites only, newly called Triomf (Victory). In some cases, the nonwhites were loaded onto trucks and dumped into the bush to fend for themselves.   There were serious consequences for people who didnt comply with the Group Areas Act. People found in violation could receive a fine of up to two hundred pounds, prison for up to two years, or both. If they didnt comply with forced eviction, they could be fined sixty pounds or face six months in prison. Effects of the Group Areas Act Citizens tried to use the courts to overturn the Group Areas Act, though they were unsuccessful each time. Others decided to stage protests and engage in civil disobedience, such as sit-ins at restaurants, which took place across South Africa during the early 1960s. The Act hugely affected communities and citizens across South Africa. By 1983, more than 600,000 people had been removed from their homes and relocated. Colored people suffered significantly because housing for them was often postponed because plans for zoning were primarily focused on races, not mixed races. The Group Areas Act also hit Indian South Africans especially hard because many of them resided in other ethnic communities as landlords and traders. In 1963, approximately a quarter of Indian men and women in the country were employed as traders. The National Government turned a deaf ear to the protests of the Indian citizens: in 1977, the Minister of Community Development said that he wasnt aware of any cases instances in which Indian traders who were resettled that didnt like their new homes. Repeal and Legacy The Group Areas Act was repealed by President Frederick Willem de Klerk on April 9, 1990. After apartheid ended in 1994, the new African National Congress (ANC) government headed by Nelson Mandela was faced with an enormous housing backlog. More than 1.5 million homes and apartments in the urban areas were located in informal settlements without property titles. Millions of people in rural areas lived in terrible conditions, and urban blacks resided in hostels and shacks. The ANC government promised to build one million homes within five years, but most of them were of necessity located in developments on the outskirts of cities, which have tended to sustain existing spatial segregation and inequality. Great strides have been undertaken in the decades since apartheid ended, and today South Africa is a modern country, with an advanced highway system and modern homes and apartment buildings in the cities available to all residents. While nearly half of the population was without formal housing in 1996, by 2011, 80 percent of the population had a home. But the scars of inequality remain.   Sources Bickford-Smith, Vivian. Urban History in the New South Africa: Continuity and Innovation since the End of Apartheid. Urban History 35.2 (2008): 288–315. Print.Christopher, A.J.  Apartheid Planning in South Africa: The Case of Port Elizabeth. The Geographical Journal 153.2 (1987): 195–204. Print.-. Urban Segregation in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Urban Studies 38.3 (2001): 449–66. Print.Clark, Nancy L., and William H. Worger. South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2016. Print.Maharaj, Brij. Apartheid, Urban Segregation, and the Local State: Durban and the Group Areas Act in South Africa. Urban Geography 18.2 (1997): 135–54. Print.-. The Group Areas Act and Community Destruction in South Africa. Urban Forum 5.2 (1994): 1–25. Print.Newton, Caroline, and Nick Schuermans. More Than Twenty Years after the Repeal of the Group Areas Act: Housing, Spatial Planning and Urban Development in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Jour nal of Housing and the Built Environment 28.4 (2013): 579–87. Print.

Iron ladies of liberia Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Iron ladies of liberia - Term Paper Example One of the questions that needs an answer from this movie is: Are women more democratic than men in politics? Or are women capable of making differences in politics with regard to good governance and democracy? This movie illustrates how women play an important role in politics and how they can transform the political landscape and playfield. The following discussion is an outline how the movie irons ladies of Liberia portrays women to have very important and strong stuns with regard to democracy and good governance and fair politics. The film is produced in the Liberia’s contexts and is about the political landscape that the nation has made after a long struggle with the civil war which took fourteen years. After the fourteen years of war, the new president is elected, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf after a hotly contested presidential election. Sirleaf is however backed by the overwhelming support especially from the women in Liberia. As the first elected woman head of state in Afric a, she appoints other women to the powerful ministries of finance, head of police, ministry of commerce and ministry of justice. However, Johnson and other women leaders are faced with the challenges of not only bringing peace to the nation but also improving the economy that was suffering from debts amounting to over three billion dollars. Iron Ladies of Liberia therefore provides an insight of the leadership of the president Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and other extraordinary women as they strive to restore order in the nation that had been devastated. Liberia had suffered from two civil wars that took over two decades and hence the nation is trying to cope up with the economical challenges as they strive to restore political order in the nation. Daniel Junge, the director of this film has presented the first term of Sirleaf in the government in which Junge presents the leadership of Sirleaf and other women as very challenging. Even though Iron ladies of Liberia does not go into finer d etails of whet that new president faces, but it outlines certain challenges that are a threat to the nations peace and has to be acted upon with immediate action. There is also fear that the nation might go back to violence and hence restoring public confidence in the new governance after the devastating war in Charles Taylor’s regime is important. Among some of the challenges facing Taylor are the high rates of unemployment that is standing at ninety percent. Ellen and the other iron ladies are experiencing hard times in which there are huge numbers of youth walking along the streets. There is chaos and disorder in the streets due to unemployment that has resulted into the increase in crimes, theft and robbery along the streets; hence an increase in the level of insecurity in the nation. It is also important to note that the film reflects the divided army which is also a threat to the national peace and security that has begun to take place in the nation. Other problems incl udes corruption, how to manipulate the political elite that are still clinging onto power due to their riches and hence influence on the economy. As a result, there are huge disparities in the incomes of the individuals. This has seen the poor earning less than a dollar in a day while the rich, owning the greater percentage of the national economic resources continue to rule the nation economically. Ellen Johnson also takes leadership of the nation a time when the nation living standards is very low. There exist no sewerage

The Internet and E-Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

The Internet and E-Business - Assignment Example Factors, which might hinder communication between people in different countries, are language. It is evident that a person from Australia and a person from Portugal cannot communicate. Nevertheless, internet has come to rescue situation where language becomes a communication. Through internet, such people can translate the language communicated. Therefore, the translated language makes it easier for the people to understand each other. Other than making communication easy, internet has made business more effective internationally. Businesspersons involve internet in their activities in a process commonly known as e-business. E-business is an acronym of electronic name. Therefore, executives involve electronic gadgets in their business activities. Through e-business, executives can engage consumers from all over the world. E-business has enlarged the scope of business activities both nationally and internationally. Just like a normal business organization, e-business online is not eas y to manage. It requires hard work and persistent in order to manage all activities taking place. Statistics has that e-business online is sometimes difficult to manage more than the normal business organization. Moreover, people participating in e-business online pass through many challenges compared to organization managers from normal business organization. All e-business online business has different purposes and responsibility. Nevertheless, they rely on a similar platform to pass information to consumer. They all require a website. Unfortunately, creating a suitable is not easy; it requires time and dedication before establishing a website, which will satisfy the intended consumer. A website is a collection of pages and events in a single entity service single or multi purposes on the internet Just like any other business, e-business online has its unique business environment. Nevertheless, transactions in e-business

Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS‘s Qasida Essay Example for Free

Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS‘s Qasida Essay INTRODUCTION Fatemi Literature bears witness to Doat Kiram AS’s firm devotion to the zikr of Amirul mumineenAS. They have a characteristic approach different from others in recognizing the disposition of Amirul mumineenAS.and in this way they have made a significant contribution in the field of knowledge. Out of the treasure of knowledge, one can distinguish easily the classical works of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS . Al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS who has surpassed a celestial century has adorned with the magnificent and gathering brightness the office of Dai-el-Mutlaq. He holds the keys of treasure house of Fatemi knowledge and bears the torch of learning handed down from Nabi MohammedSA through his successor. His holiness is not only the heir to that great tradition of learning, literature, poetry,learning and teaching are the broad facts which received his distinguish attention and filled every moment of his life. This Qasida Mubarakah â€Å"ABA HASANIN YA SAMI YA ALI† may be stated to follow in the line of his famous work and to serve the reader with the essence of understanding Amirul MumineenAS’s disposition. As each verse open up with fruitful information and reveals a treasure of knowledge and wisdom .Its thirty verse which seems thirty shinning rays enlightening the path towards the recognisation of Amirul Mumineen AS .At times it’s a gift to Mumineen as a ritual to offer gift to dear ones on return of successful journey. The Qasida with its simple words lead the reader to recite it repeatedly and enjoy the beauty beyon d words. Hence, to understand the Qasida and get blessed with its Barakat, analyzing can be done. Analyzing the poem is like exploring a town .when we first approach it we notice main roads, larger building and landmarks. A step further, small streets, narrow lanes and unusual stores add details to understand the culture and people of the town. Similarly with the poem we can experience the satisfaction of signs offered by poet to explore his poem. Poet expects us to lead our imagination wander freely as we go through sounds and experience the images of the poem. Analyzing concept is important in every literature; the difference is that words changes but the concept remains the same. In Islamic literature it is known as naqd and in fatemi literature analyzing a poetic verse is known as tehlil. The concept of tehlil in its own bears a unique factor amongst others. Islamic literature concept of naqd reveals all types of appreciation and negative factors dealed by the poet. However in fatemi literature tehlil concept leads us to the path of eternity. They act as a savior for the one who follows them, hence there can be no place for any criticism or false in them. This paper will discuss briefly about the discerning disposition of Amirul Mumineen AS and his dai, al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS under five points as follows :- 1) Perseverance of barakat of adab of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mu’ayyad al-shiraziRA and al-Dai-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA in adab of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS 2) Distinguishing status al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUSin praise of Amirul MumineenAS 3) Divine character of Amirul MumineenAS in light of this Qasida. 4) Iltejah of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS near Amirul MumineenAS 5) Acknowledgment of the sublime position of Amirul Mumineen AS and n light of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS in the light Imam’s statement :- ‘Through analysis, a true personality can be identified’. 1) BARAKAT OF al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA and al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin’s Adab in Adab of Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS The point here will briefly discuss about how the barakat of both the dai’s adab merged and united with the adab of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS. By analyzing the verses of this qasida, the reader gets clear picture that the maa’ni remain constant and stable, but its beauty gets multiplied and splendid when transferred in adab of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS as it is mentioned by Amirul Jamea. Ø §Ã™â€  Ù…Ø ¹Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ «Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ ªÃ˜ © Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦Ã˜ ³Ã˜ ªÃ™â€šÃ™Å Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © Ù„Ø § هي Ø ­Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å Ã˜ «Ã˜ © ولØ § هي Ù‚Ø ¯Ã™Å Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © Ø ¨Ã™â€ž Ù…Ø ¹Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€¡ Ø ªÃ™â€žÃ™Æ' Ø ­Ã™Å Ã™â€ Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § ÙˆØ µÃ™â€žÃ˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€° Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦ Ø ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™â€ž من Ø §Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¬Ã™â€žÃ˜ © Ø ²Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™â€¡Ã˜ § Ø ¨Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ © Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã™Å Ã˜ ¶Ã˜ §Ã˜ ­ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ «Ã™â€žÃ˜ © ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™â€žÃ˜ © The maa’ni remains constant while its beauty spreads through its flow. Thereafter, the reason behind specifically choosing both dai’s adab is stated, that al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has informed in his letter towards Mumineen of Yemen that he wrote Qasida near the shrine of Amirul Mumineen AS following his father’s footsteps. The Arabic word used in the respect of his father’s high position valedi valed-ul jami which reveals gesture towards his father and father of all doat-e-mutlaqeen. al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€  ÙŠØ § Ø ³Ã™â€¦Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  * Ø §Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ±Ã™â€ Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã™  Ø ®Ã™ Ã™Å  Ø ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  The first verse beautifully approaches the meaning hidden beyond the words which enhances the barakat of both the dai, as the first half of the first stanza shows the barakat of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA’s adab as he states:- Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â€  ÙŠØ § نـ ـــØ ¸Ã™Å Ã˜ ± Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã˜ °Ã™Å Ã˜ ±* ولــــولØ § ÙˆØ ¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ¯Ã™Æ' Ù Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã˜ §Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã˜ ¸Ã™Å Ã˜ ± And the second half reflects the light of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin’s Adab It is discussed deeply on how both dai al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RAand al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS have addressed Amirul Muminen AS. After a deep study one can get idea on how al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA had portrayed dignity of Amirul Mumineen AS as analogous to Nabi Mohammed SA in his every deed and action. The word â€Å"NAZIR† represents through its literal meaning that as Nabi Mohammed SA is perceived through naked eyes, his actions, works are seen by people. As far as Allah’s presence is concerned , then he is beyond imagination and thoughts to perceive. He is known through his name, hence al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS, while praising Amirul MumineenAS in his relation with Allah’s high position he states oh Namesake of Allah! His action presents the divine trait like Allah. Hence both dai, has portrayed perfect picture of Amirul Mumineen†s nobility on both sides with Nabi Mohammed SA and Allah. This way through analysis the whole Qasida can be studied in respect with al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS’s mastery in command on Arabic vocabulary inheriting all virtues of the previous doat mutlaqeen . Similarly these verses of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS:- Ø §Ã˜ °Ã˜ § Ø ¹Ã™â€  Ø ®Ã˜ ·Ã˜ ¨ Ù Ã™â€šÃ™â€ž ÙŠØ § Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  * Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€° Ø ¹Ã˜ ¬Ã™â€ž Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ³Ã™â€¦Ã™â€¡ ينØ ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  Ø §Ã˜ °Ã˜ § Ù…Ø § Ø ±Ã˜ ¬Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™ Ã˜ ³ Ø ±Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡ * Ø ¨Ã˜ ­Ã˜ ±Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © Ù‡Ø °Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë†Ã™â€žÃ™Å  Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ™Å  Whenever, problem hurdles you, just call upon â€Å"ya Allah† and your problem will be solved. Recalls the verse of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin RA:- Ø §Ã™â€  Ø §Ã˜ ²Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ªÃ™Æ' ملمØ © Ø §Ã™Ë†Ã™Æ'Ø ±Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ © * ÙˆØ ±Ã˜ ¬Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ª Ø ªÃ™â€ Ã™ Ã™Å Ã˜ ³Ã˜ § Ù Ã™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã˜ § â€Å"Whenever a calamity or torment comes in your way and you hope to free yourself just call upon â€Å"YA ALI†. This verse shows the strong solidarity in both dai’s literature that there is unique harmony in their thoughts and notions, the supremacy that both the verses represrnts both dai’s faith and certainly. Al –dai-al- Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA states in his verse to chant â€Å"ya ali†,whereas al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS mentions the word qul. This choice of word reveals that Amirul MumineenAS heard the nida of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin RA to fulfill his hope for ziyarat in his successor al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS,as syedna proclaims that he is chanting â€Å"ya ali’s† tasbih beneath the zarih which conveys that the distance syncronises and al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA nida got heard, as al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS gets blessed with the ziyarat. Further on moving to the next verse:- Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€  * Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã˜ §Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ±Ã™Å Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ¨ Whereas al-Dai-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA states that:- Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€  * Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã˜ §Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ±Ã™Å Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ³Ã˜ ±Ã™â€° Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ ¨Ã™â€ž The reader will surely notice that 3/4th part of both verses are having exactly same words and meaning, which seems that two streams are flowing from single source , and two rays emerging from one light . Both the dai are praying salaam on Amirul MumineenAS and praising him. Thereafter the last two words of each verse is different from each other but they were similar in there meaning as it was leadership quality of all imam. Historically it is known that angels recited salaam on Amirul MumineenAS through their visits and respected him gladly. Hence,both dai are angels in their every act and performance. further moving on the point concludes the meaning of salaam which is noticed by al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA in his majalis, that salaam is the reason to peace and serenity, secondly its greeting of angels, thirdly salaam is one of Allah’s name which means that Allah is beyond any changes and differentiates and lastly amongst the names of heaven there is one name called salaam, for its peace from hurdles and grieves. All the four meanings of salaam can be identified is dai’s salaam, hence it is al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS bounties and blessings that he graces us with the gestures of shield from the upcoming dilemma’s and problems. This way the barakat of al-Dai-aal-Ajal Syedna Mu’yyad ShiraziRA and al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA got merged and its maa’ni got preserved in adab of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS high status in glorifying Amirul Mumineen AS This point deals with the notable position of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS while praising Amirul mumineen AS. He simply described in the qasida that it is a pride to praise Amirul mumineen as he states :- Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ § Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § Ø °Ã™Æ'Ø ±Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Æ'Ù†Ø ² منه * Ø §Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å Ã˜ ªÃ™Å  Ø ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¦Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § Ø ªÃ™â€¦Ã˜ ªÃ™â€žÃ™Å  (The zikr of Amirul Mumineen AS is a precious treasure which fills my vessel forever.) The reader is ought to ponder deeply and marvel at the significance of connection in this verse between the two words â€Å"treasure† and â€Å"vessel†, as in Arabic language the literal meaning for treasure is† the chores and items which are preserved in the vessel.† Thereby it draws the attention towards Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS intention, in using the word vessel; the vessel of knowledge. The verse throws light on the strong distinctive relation of Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS with Amirul MumineenAS. Amirul mumineen AS by himself is allah’s zikr. Also Nabi Mohammed RA has disclosed his position and status as the Red Ruby. Undoubtly Red Ruby is a very precious and beautiful and a very rare and expensive as per Imam Ahmed al- MasturAS states :- Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™Ë†Ã˜ §Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã˜ ª Ø µÃ˜ §Ã™ Ã™Å Ã˜ © Ø ´Ã™ Ã˜ §Ã™ Ã˜ © Ù…Ø ®Ã˜ ªÃ™â€žÃ™ Ã˜ © Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë†Ã˜ §Ã™â€  ومن منØ §Ã™ Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€  من Ø ªÃ˜ ®Ã˜ ªÃ™â€¦ Ø ¨Ã˜ ´Ã™Å Ã˜ ¡ منه ÙˆÙÆ'Ø §Ã™â€  Ù Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¯Ã˜ © Ù‚Ø ¯ Ø §Ã˜ µÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¨ Ø §Ã™â€¡Ã™â€žÃ™â€¡Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë†Ã™Å Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡ ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¹Ã™Ë†Ã™â€  Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦ منه Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ °Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€žÃ™â€¡ ونØ ¨Ã™â€ž Ù Ã™Å  Ø §Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ³ Similarly Amirul mumineen’s personality refl ects his purity of Iman, love for Nabi Mohammed RA and divine sacrifice for Allah’s deen holds a great devotion to the zikr of Amirul Mumineen AS.througout his whole life he has remained engrossed in recalling Amirul MumineenAS miracle, his charity, his bounties and his sacrifices to islam. Repeatedly he recalls Amirul Mumineen AS status and every time from an different prospective. Further on, this point discusses about his verses,vasail and bayanaat reclaims his unwavering and ever lasting dedication for Amirul Mumineen AS ,such as :- Ø ¨Ã˜ ­Ã™â€š Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  له Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™ Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ­ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ § * Ø ¨ للØ ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª Ø ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ±Ã˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ù„Ø ªÃ™ Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ­ لمØ ±Ã˜ ¡ يوØ §Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™â€¡ Ø µÃ˜ ¯Ã™â€šÃ˜ § * Ù„Ø ¯Ã™â€° Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Ë†Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨ Ø ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ± Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦ In this two couplet, Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS had condensed the fatemi manner of praying towards Allah. Both the couplets reflects Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS modesty as he pleads and asks Allah to open the door of heaven for mumineen for the sake and mean of the doors which opened for Amirul Mumineen AS, further more choices of word sidqan reveals many aspects like :- 1. Amirul mumineenAS’s loyalty and r faithful attitude towards undoubtly. 2. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS immense love for Amirul mumineenAS 3. Thirdly it shows that none but the mumineen are the true devotees. Furthermore, the word â€Å"door† enfolds the feeling of ubudiyah as being the abd of Amirul mumineen, who has come to his doorsteps seeking knowledge and help. Also the word â€Å"door† represents amirul mumineen’s high status of the door to city of knowledge as Nabi Mohammed SA states :- I am the city of knowledge and ali is the gateway. Whosoever seeks the knowledge must come to the gateway. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS has sacrificed all precious gems and jewels in the making of his shrine, because the real magnificent treasure is gained through chanting his name and zikr. As the point concludes the reader receives insight in to the deep erudition of the author and his supremacy as an exponent of fatemi knowledge and literacy style. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS ‘s , unique and extra ordinary personality emerged brightly by declaring his successor Syedi -va -Moulaya Muffadal b.s. SaifuddinTUS, as he stands at the position of ina ,the word whose Arabic count is 53 indicating his high status. As he also stands 53rd in his succession. Likewise he is known as Yemen’s agate, just like Amirul MumineenAS was named as the Red ruby. So it concludes that by zikr of amirul mumineen ,the vessel of Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS fills to the brim and same way by the zikr of Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS and Syedi va-Moulaya Muffadal bhaisaheb Saifuddin TUS mumineen’s vessel of knowledge gets broader by time . Hence by giving proper meaning of vessel and treasure the message of syedna reaches to every mumineen’s heart. DIVINE ATTRIBUTES OF MOULANA ALI This point summarizes the divine attributes of Amirul Mumineen AS portrayed in the Qasida. Al-Dai-al-Ajal-Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA has distinctly depicted Amirul Mumineen AS’s divine attribute in one of his ibarah. He states :- هو Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™â€ž ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ®Ã˜ ± ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¸Ã˜ §Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ± ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ·Ã™â€  He is the first and the last. He is manifest and subtle. This magnificent description clearly explains that none other than Amirul Mumineen AS posses the divine and celestial traits. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS narrates through each verse that each and every significant qualities of Amirul Mumineen AS proclaims that he is the namesake of Allah. By Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS keen observation and powerful insight, he can perceive the clear image of Amirul Mumineen AS before his eyes, so that he expresses:- ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å  لمØ § Ø §Ã˜ ®Ã˜ §Ã˜ ·Ã˜ ¨ Ø ± Ø ¨Ã™Å  * Ø §Ã™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ µÃ˜ ±Ã˜ © ÙŠØ § Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  With my insight, I chant,call upon â€Å"ya ali† whenever I address my Allah. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS proceeds to postulate a true picture of Amirul Mumineen AS as a divine personality. As it may be noted that the word â€Å"betabseratin† has within it, inherent, the need to analyze the verses properly and study Amirul Mumineen AS divine attribute. Below are few verse which will portray the position of Amirul Mumineen AS as the namesake of Allah:- Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€  ÙŠØ § Ø ³Ã™â€¦Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  * Ø §Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ±Ã™â€ Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã™  Ø ®Ã™ Ã™Å  Ø ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  O’aba hasan ! The namesake of al ali (Allah ta’ala) grant me both your subtle and apparent benevolence. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS dwells upon the way he chants ya ali for addressing Allah. The word Ali in Arabic literature means powerful, prominent. Also Ali is one of Allah’s hundred names. Thereby it proves that Amirul Mumineen AS is the namesake of Allah physically and spiritually. Further on; Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS states:- Ø §Ã™Æ'Ø §Ã˜ ´Ã™  ÙÆ'Ø ±Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ © Ù…ÙÆ'Ø ªÃ˜ ¦Ã˜ ¨ * Ø §Ã˜ ´Ã˜ §Ã™ Ã™Å  Ù…Ø ±Ã˜ ¡ Ø ¨Ã˜ ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡ Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ™â‚¬Ã™â€° Oh savior of sorrowful from all pains. Oh healer of sickness from unwell. In both of this verses Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS addresses Amirul Mumineen AS as a savior from all torments and grieves. This verse can be analyzed historically as there are many evident and events which clarify that, it is only Amirul Mumineen AS personal attribute to give life to dead, and many extravagant miracles such as, his family being in hard circumstances he chose to help miqdad and granted him one dinar. As a human nature one can never ever decide to help other and choose his happiness on his family. Hence Amirul Mumineen AS deserves to be the namesake of Allah by this kind of his attributes. ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™â€° ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å Ã™Æ' ميØ ª وهل *ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€¦Ã˜ ­Ã™Å Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ±Ã™â€¦Ã™Å Ã™â€¦ Ø ®Ã™â€žÃ™Å  ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™â€° ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å Ã™Æ' ÙŠØ §Ã˜ ±Ã˜ ­Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © * Ø ¯Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ± Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¬Ã˜ ­Ã™Å Ã™â€¦ Ø µÃ™â€žÃ™Å  ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™â€° ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å Ã™Æ' Ø ¬Ã˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ ¹ Ø °Ã™Æ'Ø ±* Ø ¹Ã˜ ¯Ã™Ë† Ø ªÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ¯Ã˜ ± Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ±Ã˜ °Ã™â€ž The three verses complete the penetrating argument Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS makes with the followers of abu bakar, usmaan and omar. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS in his interrogative manner, simply depicts the divine character of Amirul Mumineen AS as benefactor of life, instead he gives life to perished bones. The power to give life is only for Allah, the creator. But it’s Amirul Mumineen AS honor to show this mir acle to the universe and emerge in his magnificent status. Hence there is no compatibility between Amirul Mumineen AS and abubakr. Today Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS represents Amirul Mumineen AS distinguishing personality between the world. His noble works in every field shows his devotion towards the upliftment of Mumineen. Being at the age of 100, his devotion towards Imam’s khidmat and tafadi increases by day and time. The golden era, the celestial century witnesses all his humble chores and works. By each day his spiritual strength gets well fortified. Today he posses divine attribute. Hence it’s all because of Amirul MumineenAS ‘s subtle and apparent benevolence. May Allah grant him a life in prosperity and perfect health for all eternity ILTEJAH of aL-Dai alAjal TOWARDS AMIRUL MUMINEEN AS This point briefly gives details on the ILTEJAH of al-Dai-al Ajal -Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS towards Amirul Mumineen AS. Its specifically written in the preface of the Qasida that al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has written in ILTEJAH. The iltejah of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS reflects in his verses. The modesty al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS had shown near Amirul Mumineen AS. The tears which al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS shed near Amirul Mumineen AS for the forgiveness of mumineen’s sins and offences . The verse merely potrays al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS khudu by Imam Ali Zainul AbedinRA’s khudu. The following verse completely resembles dua of Imam Ali ZainulabedinRA :- Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨ Ù…Ø ¯Ã™Å Ã™â€ Ã™â€¡ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ ¨Ã™Å  * Ø ³Ã˜ £Ã™â€žÃ˜ ªÃ™Æ' للمØ ¤Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€  ولي Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' Ù‚Ø ¯ Ù„Ø °Ã˜ ª Ø ®Ã˜ ° à ˜ ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å  * Ù Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã™Æ' Ù„ÙÆ'Ù‡Ù  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë† موØ ¦Ã™â€žÃ™Å  The dua of ImamRA :- Ù Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã˜ ± Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' . . . Ø ­Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã˜ ± Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' .. . Ù…Ø ­Ã˜ ªÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¬ Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' . . Ù Ã™â€¡Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø ³Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¦Ã™â€ž Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' As seen the verse depicts the same emotions and pain felt in the dua. The words are touching and heartfelt. Like a saa’il al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS represents himself near Amirul MumineenAS and seeks for help and ease. The generosity al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS possess that he first asks for Mumineen and secondly he asks for himself. The second verse potrays the picture of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS holding the shrine of Amirul MumineenAS with both hands and praying near him. Thereafter al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS beseeches near Amirul MumineenAS by repetitions of sorrowful words like :- Ø §Ã˜ ºÃ˜ «Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø §Ã˜ ºÃ˜ «Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø §Ã˜ ºÃ™Ë†Ã˜ « Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯ * Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€° Ø ¹Ã˜ ¬Ã™ „ ولØ ¯Ã™â€° Ø §Ã˜ ¬Ã™â€ž Help me, help me oh saviour, in our daily life and near our demise . The repetitions of words play an important role in Arabic literature it makes the text delightful while reading. Secondly it confirms the meaning beyond words and assures it truly. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS here conveys a message, a teaching that Amirul MumineenAS is always there for mumineen in his good and bad times. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS himself prays through this verse that may Allah always keep us with Hudaat Kiraam and devoid us to see any such morning where one of us have to beg from someone else then aa’le mohammedAS. The point concludes with the analysis of three verses in context with al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS succesor Syedi-va-Moulayi-Muffadal bhaisaheb SaifiddinTUS’s prestige and dignity. The verses are as follows:- Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã™Ë†Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™Æ' مولى ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å  * Ø §Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ ªÃ™Æ' Ù…Ø ³Ã˜ ªÃ™â€šÃ˜ ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ § Ù Ã˜ §Ã™â€šÃ˜ ¨Ã™â€ž ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å  Ù„Ø ¨Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ ¯Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã˜ ³Ã™Æ'Ù†Ø ªÃ™â€¡ من * Ø ¯Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡Ã™â‚¬Ã™Æ' Ù Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ Ã˜ ¹ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€šÃ™â€ž Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã™Ë†Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™Å  Ø ³Ã™Æ'Ù† Ù Ã˜ ¤Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å  ÙˆØ §Ã™â€¦Ã™â€  * Ø ¨Ã™ Ã˜ ¶Ã™â€žÃ™Æ' Ø ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¡Ã˜ ¯Ã™â€° ÙˆØ ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  These three verses play a magnificent rol e in the whole Qasida. It summarizes the complete aim of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS plead near Amirul MumineenAS. It reveals the gesture of declaring his successor. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS ,addresses Amirul MumineenAS as â€Å"moulaya† and represents himself as his faithful abd. And recalls his bounties upon him that he is secured and protected by his prayers. Hereby the metaphor â€Å"protected fort† is used to beautify the notion of the whole picture, that how a moula takes care of his abeed,the responsibilities he is carrying and the attention for servants. AL-DAI-AJAL Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS seeks â€Å"sukun† for his soul by the grace of Amirul MumineenAS. There is a deep connection between the word sukun and befadlek that Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has deeply revealed , he attained sukun by declaring his successor with the benevolence of Amirul MumineenAS. The word befadlek denotes the historical event when Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS sent his successor to kufa when enemies of dawat tried to put another shrine in place of the shrine which was constructed by dawat and by the grace of Amirul MumineenAS and Syedi-va-Molaya- Muffadal bhaisaheb SaifuddinTUS’s hardwork and diginity , the governments decision was in our favour. There by leading al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS iltejah near Amirul MumineenAS piously that Amirul MumineenAS answered his prayer and enabled him for this amal-e- jalil. May Allah grant al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS a long and prosperous life with his successor till eternity. Ameen Acknowledgment of the sublime position of Amirul Mumineen AS and n light of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS in the light Imam’s statement Imam Ahmed al- Mastur AS states:- ÙˆØ ¨Ã˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ªÃ˜ ­Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™â€ž Ø ªÃ˜ ¹Ã˜ ±Ã™  Ø ­Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã™â€šÃ˜ © Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ´Ã˜ ®Ã˜ §Ã˜ µ ‘Through analysis one can identify real personality.’ Imam Ahmed al-Mastur’s AS statement clearly shows the importance of analysis in literature. So at the end of the paper, the reader gets a complete idea that its indicate to recognize the magnificent position of AMIRUL MUMINEEN (A.S.) and to identify deeply his personality. It’s a great pleasure for a mumin that in the benedictions of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS he can recognize the disposition of Amirul MumineenAS in his minor limits. As to identify his personality the foremost step is to understand and preserve the glory of his dai al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanussin TUS But the inability of one’s thought and power hurdles to acknowledge the magnificent position of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS. Hence the real acknowledgement of Amirul MumineenAS and his dai’s glorification is to acceptt that they are divine souls and an ordinary mumin cannot distinguish their position. A keen observer will recognize with the prayers of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS the meaning of benevolence (lutf) according to his limits, as one of the literacy meaning for lutf is â€Å"AMAL SALEH† through which a true follower of Islam can get closer to Allah taa’ala and also al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has explained the meaning of â€Å"AMAL SALEH† in one of his lectures:- Ø §Ã™â€  ÙÆ'Ù„ منØ µÃ™Ë†Ã˜ µ هو Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ž Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ µÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­ And also he states :- Ù‡Ø ± Ø ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å  Ù†Ø § منØ µÃ™Ë†Ã˜ µ Ø §Ã™â€¡Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø ¹Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ž Ø µÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­ Ø› That every dai’s amal saleh is to declare his successor. Hence, the Mumineen of this period are fortunate and lucky as they are being blessed with two dai’s benedictions and prayers. and with the grace of Amirul MumineenAS ;they are living a prosperous and healthy life. 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